Scientists re -create the circumstances that sparked complex life

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Away from being individual operators, most of them are from one cell Microbes In complex relationships. In the ocean, soil and your traps, they may fight and eat each other, exchange DNACompete for nutrients, or feed for secondary products. Sometimes they become more intimate: one cell It may slip inside another and make itself comfortable. If the conditions are completely correct, they may remain and welcome, which raises a relationship that may last for generations – or billions of years. This phenomenon of one cell that lives within another, called endosimbius, has fueled the development of complex life.

Examples of endosimbius are everywhere. Mitochondria, energy factories in your cells, The living bacteria were once. Environmental acting plants with sugars that contain sunlight condemn the green plastids, which were also originally an independent being. Many insects get the basic nutrients From the bacteria that live inside. And researchers last year Discover “Nitroplast”, “ Endosmite, which helps some algae treat nitrogen.

A lot of life depends on endosaian relationships, but scientists have struggled to understand how they occur. How does the inner cell run away from digestion? How do you learn to reproduce within its host? What makes the random integration of independent and stable partnerships?

Now, for the first time, the researchers saw the opening dance of this microscopic dance by Stimulating endosum in the laboratory. After injecting bacteria into fungi-a process that requires solving creative problems (and cycling)-researchers were able to raise cooperation without killing bacteria or host. Their notes provide a glimpse of the conditions that allow the same thing to happen in the microbial wilderness.

Even cells are adjusted with each other faster than expected. “For me, this means that living organisms want to live together, and coexistence is the rule,” he said, he said, he said, ” Vasilis in CocoreFungi -studying specialist in the cell biology for coexistence at Fu University in Amsterdam and did not participate in the new study. “This is great news for me and for this world.”

Short early attempts reveal that most cellular love affairs are unsuccessful. But by understanding how, why and when living organisms accept, researchers can better understand the main moments of development, as well as developing artificial cells designed with extrids with great powers.

Cell wall penetration

Julia FeltoltMicrobiologist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich in Switzerland, has long been confused in the conditions of endosimbius. The researchers in this field are that once the bacteria infiltrate into a host cell, the relationship between infection and harmony swings. If bacteria multiply very quickly, they risk the exhaustion of the host’s resources and lead to an immune response, which leads to the death of the guest, the host or both. If cloning very slowly, he will not grow up in the cell. Only in rare cases, believe, do bacteria achieve a genital rate of Goldilocks. After that, to become the real endosemot, it must infiltrate the reproductive cycle of its host to wander in the next generation. Finally, the host Genome It must eventually turn to accommodate bacteria – giving the two to development as a unit.

“They have become addicted to each other,” said Forlet.